Definitions
1.NounNecessarianism, especially as espoused by Joseph Priestley.
2.NounA principle whereby a normally criminal act is justified by the necessity of preserving something of greater utilitarian value than that lost or sacrificed; not to be confused with self-defence.
3.NounThe principle that, in a situation of emergency or exigent circumstance, a state may legitimately act in ways that would normally be illegal.
4.NounThe principle that the laws, of governance in action, should be deemed valid insofar as they do not contradict the constitution. Validated on the basis that maintenance of government is of greater utilitarian value than maintenance of the law.
5.NounThe principle that a state in immediate peril to its existence, from a situation not of its own doing, may in extremis be justified in violating a right of another state.