1.NounThe use of a longer expression instead of a shorter one with a similar meaning, for example "I am going to" instead of "I will".
2.NounExpressing a grammatical meaning (such as a tense) using a syntactic construction rather than morphological marking.
"Language learners sometimes use periphrases like "did go" where a native speaker would use "went".; Native speakers use periphrases like "did not go" where a language learner might use "went not"."
3.NounThe substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name (a type of circumlocution).
4.NounThe use of a proper name as a shorthand to stand for qualities associated with it.